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Vacuum Braze

Vacuum Brazing is a metal joining technique where the parts, including ETP copper, are joined together in a high temperature vacuum environment (10^-5 torr or greater). The vacuum used in this process acts as the flux or cleaning agent for the parts, helping to remove oxides and facilitate brazing. The two types of Vacuum Braze are Partial Pressure and Hard (Full) vacuum, both utilizing alloys very similar to the ones used in hydrogen brazing.

Temperature:
  • 600F to 2400F
Common Equipment:
  • Vacuum Furnace 64
  • Vacuum Furnace 66
  • Vacuum Furnace 68
Common Material:
  • Steel
  • Copper
  • Kovar

Hydrogen Braze

Hydrogen Brazing is a metal joining technique where the materials (typically ceramic, steel, stainless steel or oxygen-free copper) are joined together in a high temperature hydrogen environment. The braze filler material (braze alloy) is usually a combination of copper, nickel, and precious metals such as gold or silver. Hydrogen Brazing often acts as a cleaning agent by removing oxides, leaving most materials very bright and shiny.

Temperature:
  • 1400F to 2100F
Common Equipment:
  • 18" Hydrogen Furnace
  • 36" Hydrogen Furnace
Common Material:
  • OF Copper
  • Stainless Steel
  • Steel

Partial Pressure Braze

Partial Pressure Vacuum Brazing is very similar to vacuum brazing, it’s just done at less vacuum (10^-3 torr) than pure vacuum brazing (10^-6 torr). We pull a full vacuum on the parts and furnace, and then introduce a gas (usually hydrogen, argon or nitrogen) to reduce the vacuum.

Partial Pressure Vacuum Brazing, especially when the additional gas is hydrogen, is a better environment for copper, brass, silver, and nickel. It is also an ideal environment for Mu Metal.

Temperature:
  • 600F to 2400F
Common Equipment:
  • Vacuum Furnace 64
  • Vacuum Furnace 66
  • Vacuum Furnace 68
Common Material:
  • Copper
  • Steel
  • Ceramic

Torch Braze

Torch brazing, also known as “silver soldering”, is an effective way to braze parts where a localized heating zone is required. Soldering and brazing with a torch is accomplished by fluxing the areas to be joined, then applying the alloy. The alloy often has tin or zinc in it to reduce the melting temperature.

Temperature:
  • 750+
Common Equipment:
  • Oxy-Acetylene Torch
  • Flux
  • Solder or Braze Alloy
Common Material:
  • Copper
  • Steel
  • Stainless steel

Induction Braze

Induction Brazing is very similar to the many other brazing processes done at ThermoFusion, except in this process only the braze alloy and the mating surface are heated – the rest of the part stays cool. An alternative to torch brazing, Induction Brazing uses both flux and alloy to join the components together.

Temperature:
  • 1400F to 1900F
Common Equipment:
  • Induction Coil
  • Flux
  • Brazing Alloy
Common Material:
  • Copper
  • Steel
  • Stainless Steel

MIG and TIG Weld

MIG and TIG welding are a few of the two most common welding techniques used. Very similar to other types of welding, MIG and TIG welding are each used to join two parts of a single material together. If there is a mistake in brazing, these welds will repair the issue, especially in aluminum.

Temperature:
  • Varies
Common Equipment:
  • MIG Welding Equipment
  • TIG Welding Equipment
Common Material:
  • Aluminum
  • Steel
  • Copper

Low Temp. Soft Solder

Low Temperature Soft Solder, usually under 400F, is a useful way to join metal parts. Soldering with a torch is accomplished by fluxing the areas to be joined, followed by applying the alloy. The alloy often contains tin or zinc to reduce the melting temperature.

Temperature:
  • Less than 800F
Common Equipment:
  • Oxy-Acetylene Torch
  • Flux
  • Soldering Alloy
Common Material:
  • Copper
  • Steel
  • Aluminum

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